Training of highly skilled specialists who are capable of conducting consistent scientific and analytical researches in the field of religious studies and exploring rich cultural and spiritual heritage, religious sources and monuments, is a demand of contemporary life - U.Hafizova, lecturer of Tashkent Islamic Institute

Islam has always focused on creating a healthy environment in society. He has placed obstacles in the way of this noble goal in front of all the disadvantages and shortcomings among people. It uses its wise way of introducing any business – a method that offers some right and appropriate action – in return for a defect one. After all, a human nature does not always want to face prohibitions. Therefore, whichever way or teaching is more forbade than ordered, it only leads to decay tomorrow. One of the defects prevented by Islam is the corruption. Its Arabic translation is “فساد”, “رشوة”. These words, in addition to the meaning of “corruption”, also mean “destroying”, “irregularities” and “degrade”. The meaning of the word “corruption” in use is “attempting to resolve something or some business to his own advantage without having the right for it”. It is known that there is a correlation between the vocabulary and in use meanings of the term. Indeed, the vocabulary and in use meanings of these words are interconnected: it is done only by those who have a corrupted human nature. Unfortunately, some villains name this abominable thing “Uzbekism” and, they do not realize that with this sordid interpretation, they blacken the entire ethnicity of the Uzbek nation. It is well known that this is nothing but a “sincere nepotism” to satisfy their temptation. It is ruefully that the corruption always breaks the criterion of justice, and it is not a secret that it was the main “factor” in a quote of disparity to be increased in the society. What is the attitude of Islam to nepotism? The answer can be found in the Prophet’s (peace and blessings be upon him) response to a similar incident in the lives of his Companions: “It is narrated on the authority of ‘A’isha (may Allah be pleased with her) that the tribe Quraysh was troubled because of a woman (Fatima bint Abul Asad) from the tribe Makhzum, who had robbed. They consulted with one another: “Who will speak to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) about this?” They concluded that only the dearest person (like his grandson) to our Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) Usama ibn Zayd (may Allah be pleased with him) could do it. When Usama (may Allah be pleased with him) was going to tell him about it to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), he said angrily: “Hey Usama? Are going to interfere and cancel the punishment when Allah Himself appointed strict punishment?!” He stood up and made a khutba (religious lecture): “The reason for the destruction of the nations before you (Bani Israil, that is Jews) is that if a prominent person stole from them, he was not punished; but if any poor person stole something he was certainly punished. (That is to say, this injustice, nepotism, and corruption led them to the Divine punishment that destroyed them on the world stage!) By Allah, I have...

Prior to Islam abuses of human rights increased in various ways in many countries of the world. In particular, the attitude towards women was in a very terrible state. They were treated as an object, not as human beings, and their rights were humiliated. In most Arabian families, if a girl was born, they would bury her alive. When a father died, a son inherited his father’s wives like a simple object, and it was not strange if a son married them if he wished. In India, a woman whose husband died was burned with him, because she did not have the right to live after her husband. In short, women had no rights. These situations caused the demand for a perfect position and a just social system. Finally, with the advent of Islam, the status of women in society began to gain a distinctive status. Their rights were restored. The Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) was an example of respect for women as mothers, wives, sisters and daughters. The rules of dole (nafaqa), dowry (mahr), divorce (talaq), khulu’ (asking of a wife talaq from her husband offering some money for it) and iddah were determined. Rules were imposed not only on free women, but also on maidservants who were not considered as humans. Whose responsibility is to pay dole? Dole (nafaqa) is supplying a person in care with enough food, clothing, and housing. It is the duty of a husband to supply his wife with these things after marriage. What is if a wife gets divorce (talaq) or a husband dies? Unfortunately, we see that in most cases, a man divorces with his wife or not, he sends her to her father’s house. In fact, even after the divorce, the wife’s support remains on the duty of her husband for a while. For this, it is important to understand the matter of iddah perfectly. In our religion, the period of time that a woman should stay after her husband’s death or after a divorce is called “iddah”. State of iddah of a woman who gets divorce (talaq). If a woman is in the age of menstruating, her state of iddah ends after three menstrual periods. If a divorce occurs at the time of menstruation, it is counted from the next menstruation, but not from this one. If a woman is in the non-menstruating age then she stays in the state of iddah for three months after divorce. The state of iddah of a woman whose husband dies. Such women stay in the state of iddah for four months and ten days. The state of iddah of a pregnant woman. If a woman who is divorced or whose husband died is pregnant, her state of iddah ends with the birth of a baby. It is the duty of a husband to supply with food, clothing, and housing his wife during the above-mentioned states of iddah in spite of the fact that it is raj’i talaq or bain...

Marriage is a vital need for people. Peace and happiness are supported in the family. A person, who travels the world to find well-being, finds it only in the family. A family is a garden and a child is the most beautiful flower there. The smile and laughter of this little creature is the greatest joy in the family. The smell of a child is smell of paradise. How important is water and light for the flower’s maturity, perfection, and unique aroma. This means that both a father and a mother have a unique role in parenthood, in becoming of a child a perfect person and being beneficial with his knowledge in the family, society, country, and in the whole world. Unfortunately, it is not always possible to control the situation. This sacred bond – a family is sometimes broken, whether we want it or not, despite the tears of children, parents sometimes divorce. Who stays with a child after divorce? According to our Shari’ah, bringing up of a child is given to a mother, because women are more compassionate and patient than men. A mother of a child is the first woman who has the right of a guardianship. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said to a woman who complained, that her husband was going to take her child from her whom she had suckled and brought up: “It is your right to take a child until you marry”. (Narrated by Abu Dawud, Bayhaqi and Hakim) According to Hanafi and Shafi madhhab, those who are deserving of bringing up a child after his mother are his both grandmothers, his sister and then his mother’s sister. This means that if a child has no parents, he is taken care by his grandmothers and aunts. If there are no other caregivers for a child, a mother must look after a child. If there are other caregivers, a mother’s responsibility to look after the child is gone. If a mother marries, she loses the right to be the first caregiver. A man who wants to marry a woman does not have to accept her children. If children have no other caregivers, it becomes obligated for him to care them. Otherwise, a child is likely to be lost. The same is concerning women too. It is her right to accept her husband’s children or not. A wife has to look after children if they need care and there is no one else. She adopts children or she does not marry. A father pays allowance for a child in spite of the fact who takes care of him. If a mother is poor, she consumes this allowance with her child. If a child does not have a father, a child’s wealth is spent. If a child does not have wealth, a person who takes care of a child has to pay allowance for him. A little girl is given to her mother who is married to another man, or she may...

“Allah will raise to high ranks those of you who believe and  are endowed with knowledge” (Al-Mujadalah 58:11) Knowledge is a great blessing. A man cannot feel it physically or taste it or touch it, but the spiritual delight and satisfaction in the mind in the way of possessing knowledge is incomparable. A man is bestowed such a great wealth that he must realize it, value it and spend it not wasting minute particle of it. On the contrary, not being able to feel it, not valuing it, and sinking in the material world will lead a man to the edge of chasm. Unquestionably, how a man’s mind grasps knowledge depends on his age. That there are so many ways and methods of learning, it eases to possess knowledge according to his age. Not being able to grasp knowledge and realizing it occurs especially because of lack of that proportion. Nowadays the attitude to learning foreign languages is rising day by day. Correspondingly number of researches are carried out and new books on languages are published. Also, new ways and methods of teaching is studied and implemented into practice. There are so many nations and languages in the world. All of them have deep history and treasure of knowledge. Any person who wants to possess that treasure, enrich himself spiritually, and spend it sincerely, tries to learn the language of that nation. There are so many publications of many nations that were translated into other language. It helps to study their history, traditions and works of their scientists, but unfortunately that chance is limited. But, imagine, if you know the language of that country fluently, all the doors will be opened for you. A man who knows the language knows the world. First of all, a man learns fundamentals of a foreign language. It is considered as the foundation. But if he wants to study any kind of sphere of science, he has to learn professional language. For this he studies that sphere, rules and methods of transferring the terminologies. Because any terminology of any sphere must be transferred keeping its meaning. Word-for-word translation cannot always give the same translation. To achieve this aim teaching language at specialized institutions should be based on professional language. For this new methods of teaching and special manuals on professional language must be developed. All spheres include the vocabulary of terminologies and phrases. The language of religion is one of them. A lot of researches and publications are carried out on this sphere. Like other spheres religion is full of terminologies that must be studied by specialists before transferring it to other language. For example, teaching English languages at Islamic institutions are renewed and students are taught professional English. This method was developed some years ago and it gives its effective results. Special books were published for this purpose. It improved the quality of teaching and learning English. Nowadays the students can explain Islam and its essence in English using special religious terminologies properly....